| Drawing by copying is useful for beginners. | | | | add different third objects from memory.How |
| It lets one practice style and methods of | | | | to Measure Hold a pencil up with your arm |
| drawing without being concerned about the | | | | extended away from you. Mark the length, |
| exact subject matter. Accuracy in eye | | | | width or height of the object with your thumb |
| measurement comes with copying.Copying also | | | | on the pencil. Transfer this measurement to |
| gives training to the eye by allowing one to | | | | the drawing and use it as the standard |
| correct mistakes in the estimates of | | | | measurement to which others will be gauged. |
| lengths.A second type of drawing, perspective | | | | For example, when drawing a house, hold the |
| or object drawing, gives a knowledge of form | | | | pencil out and line up the end with one |
| and construction. The relations and relative | | | | corner of the base of the house. Put your |
| sizes of objects to each other are learned | | | | thumb on the pencil at the point where the |
| through drawing them.Finally, imaginary | | | | other side of the house is located. Transfer |
| drawings enable an artist to express thought | | | | this to paper and use this measure, the width |
| and impart ideas.These three types of drawing | | | | of the house, as a standard for making other |
| support and help the others:-- Copying shows | | | | relative measurements.Scale Of Drawings One |
| one how.-- In object drawing one sees how.-- | | | | of the biggest mistakes beginners make is to |
| With imaginative drawing one thinks how.Eye | | | | draw on too small of a scale. In copying |
| Measurements Practice measuring by eye with | | | | pictures from magazines and books the |
| this simple exercise:-- Draw a line four | | | | beginner naturally copies it as is, at that |
| inches long and divide it in half, just by | | | | size. The beginner usually does not know that |
| looking at it with the unaided eye.-- Draw | | | | the original drawing from which the picture |
| another line and divide it into thirds.-- Do | | | | was made was almost certainly much |
| it yet again, dividing the line into | | | | larger.Varying the scale of drawings is good |
| fourths.-- Repeat this exercise with lines of | | | | practice to keep measurement and proportion |
| different lengths.To check your progress, | | | | skills up. Repeat the same drawing at |
| measure the length of each segment after | | | | different sizes for a simple exercise.Drawing |
| you've divided it solely by eye. Did you come | | | | from Models Use simple objects you find |
| close to halves, or thirds? Practice until | | | | around you as models. Draw them singly at |
| you do.Proportion Accurate eye measurement is | | | | first and as you advance group them together. |
| required to draw figures in proper | | | | Use objects with dull surfaces. These have |
| proportion. If the head is drawn twice as | | | | simple areas of light and dark shade on their |
| long as it should be, the whole figure looks | | | | surfaces. Shiny objects reflect light and |
| out of proportion because the head seems | | | | cast complex shadows.Models with a single |
| unnatural.Body sizes should be compared to | | | | color are best at first. The eye will focus |
| each other, and made in sizes relative to | | | | on form, not color. |
| their proportions. This takes practice, close | | | | |
| observation and an ability to measure with | | | | Place your model objects against contrasting |
| the eye.An effective exercise for learning to | | | | backgrounds. It is difficult to discern form |
| draw relative proportions is to use some | | | | when there is no contrast. If the object is |
| ordinary object as a standard measure and | | | | dark, place it on a white background. If it |
| draw it carefully. Then place other objects | | | | is white, place a dark background behind |
| next to it and draw them. Use simple objects | | | | it.Light And Shade Begin practicing drawing |
| of different shapes and sizes.For a more | | | | shadows and light by using simple objects as |
| advanced exercise draw place two objects of | | | | models. These should be objects with simple |
| different sizes together, such as a cardboard | | | | outlines and very little detail, such as a |
| box with an apple on top. Draw these in | | | | ball or brick. Place the object on a white |
| relative proportion, or practice drawing them | | | | piece of paper and direct light from just one |
| until you can. Then, from memory, add a third | | | | source onto it. This will give a shadow from |
| object to this scene, drawing it in relative | | | | one source only. Practice drawing many |
| proportion to the two objects already | | | | objects like this, singly, before drawing |
| there.Do this exercise over and over with the | | | | more complicated scenes. |
| same starting two objects (box and apple) but | | | | |