Footprints to Success: The Five Priorities of Strategic Planning in Wholesale Distribution

"body">can be an extended process. The organization will
Strategic planning is a management tool. It is usedbegin to realize benefits from the start.
to help an organization clarify its future direction -Fundamental benefits to the planning process
to focus its energy, and to help members of theinclude:o A framework and a clearly defined
organization work toward the same goals. Thedirection with unified supporto A clear vision and
planning process adjusts the organization'spurpose that is owned by all employeeso
direction in response to a changing environment.Commitment to the organization and its goals by
Strategic planning is a disciplined effort to supportthe employeeso Set priorities that match
fundamental decisions and actions that shape andcompany resourceso Trend analysis that creates
guide what an organization is, what it does andconfidence in the ability to take riskso
why it does it, with a focus on where it wants toAccountability
go and how it is going to get there.Readiness Factors
Discipline is a prerequisite to this process becauseThe planning process is a major endeavor and
it requires laser-like persistence to bring about atiming is critical. There are certain organizational
productive strategic planning initiative. The processelements that must be in place in order to ensure
raises a sequence of questions that helps plannersthat the planning process will provide the
examine current reality, test assumptions, gathermaximum benefit to the organization. You must
and incorporate information about the present,clearly understand the organization's current state
and perform trend analysis on the future industryand readiness to engage in the planning process.
environment.There are a number of preparatory steps that
Fundamental decisions, actions and choices mustshould be concluded prior to the start. An internal
be made in order to develop a plan that provideshonest-gut-check assessment is recommended.
the "Footprints to Success." The plan is ultimatelyPreferably an outside consultant with a fresh pair
no more, and no less, than a set of decisionsof eyes does this. Additionally, as mentioned
about what to do, why to do it, and when andearlier, third party customer, vendor and
how to do it.employee surveys should be conducted. Other
The scope of the strategy development processitems to secure at the onset include:o A
for any distributor is dependent upon individualcommitment on the part of executive
business needs. The strategic planning process is amanagement and ownershipo Resolution of all
time and resource-consuming endeavor thatcrises and life threatening issueso Ownership and
involves many people in the organization. Thisboard supporto A commitment of necessary
process includes both tactical and strategicresourceso A willingness to think outside the box
application.and to look at new approaches to performing and
A critical factor in developing a strategic plan isevaluating the "business"o A basic understanding
looking at the end game first. Just exactly whatof scenario planning
do you want your company to be when it growsThe key resources required for planning include
up? Ask yourself the following questions from thestaff time, executive management time and
perspective of looking five years into the future.finances (e.g., market research, consultants, etc.).
1. What markets will your company be servingStaffing demands include:o Collecting and analyzing
five years from now?datao Scenario planningo Engaging key
2. What products will you be distributing?stakeholderso Gathering historical financial
3. Who are your primary competitors?information, projecting future budgets and cash
4. What are your strengths?flow projectionso Analyzing options and
5. What are your competitors' strengths?consequences for potential organizational and
6. How has your marketing strategy changed?program strategieso End game analysis
7. What are your core competencies?Project Management
8. What is the size of your revenue stream?Project management becomes critical to the
9. How is your revenue stream segmented?strategic planning process. Execution is the key to
These are just a few sample questions, but don'tsuccess. People have different expectations when
stop there. After you've tried to visualize yourthey hear the word "planning."
corporate profile five years in the future, theEveryone must understand and share the same
next step is scenario planning. It's the old "Whatset of expectations. It is very helpful if one or
If" analysis. What if you lose your major producttwo key staff members are skilled in project
line? What if your three biggest competitorsmanagement.
become part of a consolidator roll up? What ifA team leader will facilitate the development of a
you dramatically change your product offering sowork plan which is an outline of the steps and
it doesn't even resemble the industry youactivities that will take place during the planning
represent today? How will e-business impact yourprocess. The plan specifies the tasks, outcomes
strategy? Recognize that an e-strategy shouldand resources to be expended, as well as the
not exist in isolation from your overall companypeople responsible for each phase of the process.
strategy. Remember that e-anything is only a toolHow do you get started?
while your company vision is the guide on how1st Priority:
you use your tools.If you have determined your readiness factors
Follow the Strategic Thinking Processthrough assessment and you have performed the
Strategic thinking by a strategy team leadernecessary preparatory research, then you are
provides a platform for the distributor thatready to launch the process. The following items
identifies the "end game" vision, determines coreshould become your first priority.o Create a
initiatives to achieve the vision, developsPlanning Committeeo Assign a team leadero
associated SIPs (Strategic Implementation Plans),Identify specific ongoing initiativeso Clarify roles
and coaches the executive strategy team in(who does what in the process)o Identify any
preparing a presentation of their strategicadditional research or outside resources necessary
document to the ownership or Board for approval.to assist you during the process
After approval is granted, this document becomes2nd Priority:
the basis for launching the total company planningThe second priority is to create the end game
process.vision with clarification from ownership and the
Tactical issues such as sales strategies,executive staff. The core strategy statement is
performance accountability and compensationan introductory paragraph that clearly defines the
issues may also be included.end game in understandable and measurable
The Strategy Development Processterms; it lets the reader know where the
Phase I: Company Internal Surveycompany intends to go. The end game must
Preparationcommunicate the essence of the organization.
A web-based survey is developed focusing on allArticulating the end game indicates your focus
aspects of the organization. This generatesand purposefulness. The end game and its
valuable, precise feedback from the employees.clarifying core strategy statement should contain:o
This survey is synthesized, analyzed andPurpose - why the organization exists and what it
discussed at the strategy kickoff meeting.seeks to accomplisho Business - the main method
End Game Definitionor activity through which the organization tries to
Through the use of brainstorming and scenariofulfill this purposeo Values - the principles or beliefs
planning, the CEO and ownership create a picturethat guide an organization's members as they
of what the company will be and how it willpursue the organization's purposeo Specific-long
function 5 to 10 years into the future. Thisterm financial objectives
process can be as simplistic as developing a wellThe core strategy statement summarizes the
thought out visionary mission statement to doingwhat, why and how much of an organization's
actual "what if" scenario analysis identifying specificobjectives. It presents an image of the character,
desirable future objectives.the culture and the core values of the
Phase II:organization.
Kick off Strategy Development Meeting - End3rd Priority:
Game PresentationThe third priority entails performing the S.W.O.T.
The CEO/Owner presents the end game analysisanalysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and
developed to the strategy team. Open discussionthreats). A S.W.O.T. analysis means obtaining
may or may not occur at this juncture. However,current information about the organization's
further discussion will take place after the CEOstrengths, weaknesses and performance
excuses himself from the meeting. This discussioninformation that will highlight the critical issues that
will be moderated by a facilitator to getthe organization faces. These become key issues
consensus of the end game by the strategythe strategic plan must address. These could
team. The end game may be challenged only ifinclude a variety of primary concerns, such as
another alternative is offered.funding issues, new program opportunities,
Survey Presentationchanging regulations or changing needs in the client
A copy of the completed survey is handed out. Apopulation, and so on. The point is to choose the
facilitator presents the analysis of the surveymost important issues to address. Critical
identifying key issues. A discussion of the issues isconstraints should naturally emerge from this
conducted but the discussion is controlled andprocess. Identifying critical constraints is the
kept informal without trying to solve world hungerprimary reason for doing a SWOT analysis.
at this one-day meeting.4th Priority:
Strategy Development KickoffThe fourth priority is to begin to develop
A brief 60-minute strategy planning presentation isdepartmental initiatives required to support the
conducted by the facilitator to walk theend game.
participants through the process. The end gameStrategies, goals and objectives may come from
exercise is discussed and defined. This is meant toindividual inspiration, group discussion, formal
explain the beginning of the process. After thedecision-making techniques and so on - but the
plan is completed a presentation will be made tobottom line is that leadership agrees on how to
the ownership, President and Board, gainingaddress the critical issues.
approval of the strategic plan prior to actualThis can turn into a negotiating process and eat
launch and execution of the strategy.up considerable time and flexibility. It is possible
Doing nothing is not an optionthat new insights will emerge which change the
As we've discussed, strategic planning involvesthrust of the end game. It is important that
anticipating the future environment and creatingplanners are not afraid to go back to an earlier
an end game analysis so the decisions are madestep in the process and take advantage of
in the present. This means that over time, theavailable information to create the best possible
organization must regularly perform trend analysisplan.
in order to make the best decisions it can at any"Changing the end game is not a crime."
given point - it must manage, as well as plan,5th Priority:
strategically.The fifth priority and conclusion to this explanation
Strategic planning is not a substitute for theof the process is producing the completed,
exercise of judgment by leadership. Ultimatelydocumented plan. The end game has been
"the buck stops somewhere." The strategicarticulated, the issues identified and the goals and
planning process does not make the organizationstrategies agreed upon. This step essentially
work - it can only support the sound judgmentinvolves putting all that down on paper. A planning
and reasoning skills that people bring to theconsultant can be used to draft the final
organization.document and submit it for review to all key
Strategic planning is a creative process. The freshdecision makers (usually the board, CEO and
insight it engenders might very well alter pastownership). This is now the beginning of the
initiatives. Planning also consumes resources whichprocess of developing individual departmental
are precious commodities. It can be anbusiness plans congruent to, and supportive of,
overwhelming and daunting task, but it is athe strategic plan. These business plans should
process that eventually defines the direction andinclude departmental budgets.
activities of the organization. Despite itsConclusion
overwhelming nature, the benefits of planning canStrategic planning involves looking at a longer time
far outweigh the hard work and pain involved inhorizon, identifying future trends and developing
the process.action plans based on the highest probabilities. A
I cannot emphasize enough that the true value ofgood strategic planning process will enable a
a strategic plan is not in the document itself. It isbusiness to anticipate changing trends and
in the process of creating it, involving many ofimplement actions that will enable them to gain or
your employees from the bottom up. Thismaintain competitive advantage. Add scenario
empowers them to be more effective andplanning and they can be ready for just about any
better-informed leaders, managers and decisionconsequence the market may throw their way.
makers. The time devoted to the planningDeveloping a well thought out strategy that
process varies from organization to organizationinvolves much of the entire organization provides
and you must decide how much time you willthe "Footprints to Success." It is now up to the
devote to the kick off planning process meeting.executive team to lead the organization along the
This can take the form of a two-day retreat or itpath these footprints follow.