Energy consumption and the environment


Nice Try Kyoto

February 16th is the two-year anniversary ofbenchmark and Canada reports that it is 27%
the  inspired and contentious Kyoto Protocol.above  1990  levels.
The Kyoto Protocol is an amendment made underAlt  vs.  Nuke
the United Nations Framework Convention on
Climate Change (UNFCCC). Countries thatCountries such as China and India are in
ratify this protocol commit to reduce theirprime positions to make big contributions in
emissions of carbon dioxide and five otherthe battle against global warming. As their
greenhouse gases (GHG). Originally introducedeconomies are blossoming they can make the
December 1997 it went into effect Februarydecision to take the alternative fuel path,
16th  2005  with  160  Countries  on  board.in fact the decision could be critical to
their  continued  growth.
Of those countries the United States and
Australia refused to comply with itsThe official China Xinhua agency reported on
provisions. The decision of the U.S., whichWednesday [Jan 17th] that rising temperatures
produces roughly 25% of global green housein China could reduce grain crops by over a
gases, to bow out has been widely andthird in the second half of this century,
vigorously  criticized.imperiling food security in the world's most
populous  country.
The  U.S.  Bows  Out
While alternative fuels such as hydrogen and
The Bush administrations denial of thebio-fuels are the most touted solutions,
existence of global warming and refusal torealistically their large-scale
accept the scientific evidence behind, it hasimplementation in most established nations is
been the most noted reason for U.S.not going to happen anytime soon.
non-participation, however a less publisizedAlternatively many support already widely
reasoning was the U.S. governments view thatestablished nuclear power as a more immediate
the  Protocol  was  incomplete.solution.
The Kyoto Protocol calls on the high-incomeThe United States generates a total of 15.43
countries and the post communist nations oftrillion kWh per year using fossil fuels
Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union tocosting $818.7 billion per year. By
reduce their GHG emissions as of 2012 byconverting to atomic energy that same 15
around 6 percent compared with the 1990trillion kWh of energy can be produced for
levels. However given the participationaround $314 billion, a savings of over $500
criteria China, the world second largestbillion.
polluter, and India, although having signed
the treaty are exempt from compliance andIn November 2006 for the first time in its
enforcement  penalties.32-year history, the International Energy
Agency (IEA) urged governments around the
These rapidly developing countries will soonworld to speed the construction of new
account for 50% of the worlds GHG emissions.nuclear power plants. Many countries are
The active participation of these countriesleaning that way; China has eight atomic
is critical to the stabilization of greenplants under construction and plans to build
house emissions and the U.S. contends that40  plants  over  the  next  decade.
letting them slide by on the honor system is
a  major  oversight  of  the  Protocol.Nuclear power is cheaper, cleaner (in regard
to GHG) and would be a solution to dependence
Kyoto  Not  Enoughon fossil fuels, but it comes with its own
notorious list of problems most notably what
Many argue that the wording of the initiativeto do with tons of radioactive waste. A
itself is flawed, maintaining that thenuclear solution to global warming seems to
criteria and measures of enforcement lackequate by making a deal with the devil to
clear definition. Also the long-termsave  yourself  from  going  to  hell.
viability of the Protocols goals has been
called into question. Jeffrey Sachs, notedToo  Little  Too  Late
economist, states in an article for
Scientific America; "The Kyoto Protocol takesDespite increased enthusiasms throughout
the long-term objective of stabilization ofglobal communities and well-intentioned
GHG concentrations and transforms it into ameasures such as the Kyoto Protocol, when it
short-term target on emissions reductions,comes down to it we may be looking at a case
with  no  clear  link  between  the  two."of "too little too late". It is clear that we
are going to need to take far more aggressive
With the science of global warming movingaction towards global warming, in order to
from theory to fact, many nations includingoffset the effects of World population growth
the U.S. have been working on legislation ofand  increasing  energy  demands.
their own to reduce GHG. Canada a long time
Kyoto Protocol groupie reveals that 59% ofOur current actions are the equivalent of
Canadians feel that the Protocol is only apounding laying a railroad with a tack hammer
small part of what each nation should bebut if it is one thing mankind is good at, it
doing.is overcoming hurdles that are in the way of
its advancement. Unfortunately we more than
In the two years since its enforcement, whileoften overlook the consequences of our
there have been marked improvements, even theprogress.
strictest of participants have struggled to
comply. Even Kyoto Japan where the initiativeThe question is will human ingenuity get us
was born has found meeting its commitment aout of this one and are we smart enough to do
challenge. Carbon emissions in Japan haveit without shooting ourselves in the foot?
actually grown more than 8% over its '90s



1 A B C 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91